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Multi-Hazard Early Warning Systems for Agriculture with Featural-Temporal Explanations

Zheng, Boyuan, Chu, Victor W.

arXiv.org Artificial Intelligence

The situation is evolving due to climate change and hence such systems should have the intelligent to continue to learn from recent climate behaviours. However, traditional single-hazard forecasting methods fall short in capturing complex interactions among concurrent climatic events. To address this deficiency, in this paper, we combine sequential deep learning models and advanced Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) techniques to introduce a multi-hazard forecasting framework for agriculture. In our experiments, we utilize meteorological data from four prominent agricultural regions in the United States (between 2010 and 2023) to validate the predictive accuracy of our framework on multiple severe event types, which are extreme cold, floods, frost, hail, heatwaves, and heavy rainfall, with tailored models for each area. The framework uniquely integrates attention mechanisms with TimeSHAP (a recurrent XAI explainer for time series) to provide comprehensive temporal explanations revealing not only which climatic features are influential but precisely when their impacts occur. Our results demonstrate strong predictive accuracy, particularly with the BiLSTM architecture, and highlight the system's capacity to inform nuanced, proactive risk management strategies.



Yakima police use AI-powered license plate readers to find suspects' cars in real time

#artificialintelligence

In the past five months, Flock Safety cameras have allowed Yakima-area law enforcement officers to arrest an accused kidnapper and child molester, identify a fatal hit-and-run suspect and recover a record number of stolen vehicles. "It's one officer that never sleeps," Yakima Police Capt. "Most of our criminals move throughout the area in a vehicle and this will limit that ability." Flock cameras have helped police recover 37 stolen vehicles, arrest 28 violent persons, serve 19 warrants and locate 16 missing persons -- just in the last month. According to the Yakima Police Department's transparency portal, they have 33 automated license plate recognition cameras placed across the city -- all enabled with artificial intelligence that's helping agencies across the county solve crimes.


The unseen scars of those who kill via remote control

The Japan Times

Kevin Larson crouched behind a boulder and watched the forest through his breath, waiting for the police he knew would come. It was Jan. 19, 2020. He was clinging to an assault rifle with 30 rounds and a conviction that, after all he had been through, there was no way he was going to prison. Larson was a drone pilot -- one of the best. He flew the heavily armed MQ-9 Reaper, and in 650 combat missions between 2013 and 2018, he had launched at least 188 airstrikes, earned 20 medals for achievement and killed a top man on the U.S.' most-wanted terrorist list. The 32-year-old pilot kept a handwritten thank-you note on his refrigerator from the director of the CIA.


Judge blocks Postal Service changes that slowed mail delivery

FOX News

Fox News senior judicial analyst Judge Andrew Napolitano weighs in on debate over USPS and mail-in voting. A U.S. judge on Thursday granted a request to temporarily block controversial Postal Service changes that have been accused of slowing mail nationwide, calling them "a politically motivated attack " ahead of the 2020 presidential election. Judge Stanley Bastian in Yakima, Wash., said he was issuing a nationwide preliminary injunction against the USPS sought by 14 states that sued the Trump administration and the Postal Service. The states, all led by Democratic attorneys general, challenged the Postal Service's so-called "leave behind" policy, where trucks have been leaving postal facilities on time regardless of whether there is more mail to load. They also sought to force the Postal Service to treat election mail as first-class mail.


Robot kayaks found the basin of an Alaskan glacier is melting 100 TIMES faster than models showed

Daily Mail - Science & tech

Seaborne robots have made a startling discovery beneath a 20-mile glacier in Alaska. The technology found the massive rivers of ice may be melting under the LeConte Glacier much faster than previously thought. Scientists programmed autonomous kayaks to swim near the icy cliffs of the glacier to measure the'ambient meltwater intrusions', which shows how much fresh water is flowing into the ocean from underneath the glacier. The study found ambient melting was 100 times higher than models had estimated. This is the first time experts have been able to analyze plumes of meltwater - the water released when snow or ice melts, where glaciers meet the ocean- because the feat is far too dangerous for ships due to falling ice of slabs from the glacier.


Redtail Injects 'Artificial Intelligence' Into Its CRM

#artificialintelligence

A machine learning feature will be coming to Redtail Technology's popular CRM program sometime this winter, according to company's CEO Brian McLaughlin. He made the announcement at Riskalyze's Fearless Investing Summit in San Antonio, Texas on Thursday. Billed as artificial intelligence, the new feature will provide advisors with three specific, actionable feedback buckets: sentiment, keyphrases and entities, or tags, such as specific types of investment accounts. The project, developed primarily from open source technology, has been in the works for nearly 18 months. When work began, the company looked to Amazon and Google's natural language processing libraries, but found they were too general and not specific enough to the financial services industry.


For Artificial Intelligence, the Future Is Now

#artificialintelligence

Watershed technologies like AlphaGo make it easy to forget that artificial intelligence (AI) isn't just a futuristic dream. Sensing traffic lights, fraud detection, mobile bank deposits, and, of course, internet search -- each of these technologies involves AI of some kind. As we have grown used to AI in these instances, it has become part of the scenery -- we see it, but we no longer notice it. Expect that trend to continue: As AI grows increasingly ubiquitous, it'll become increasingly invisible. Major advancements in technologies dependent on AI -- like robotics, machine vision, natural-language processing, and machine learning -- will soon work their way into our daily lives. AI's integration into our world will transform employment, economic activity, and possibly the character of our society. Healthcare is ground zero for AI. In fact, AI has been quietly helping doctors treat diseases for almost its entire existence. In 1963, a Midwestern radiologist named Gwilym S. Lodwick published a paper in Radiology Society of America that described a technique he invented for predicting the survival span of lung cancer patients: Lodwick took X-rays and coded their features to represent tumor characteristics using numerical values. Then, as he explained, these numbers could "be manipulated and evaluated by the digital computer." Armed with (rudimentary) image processing, in the 1970s radiologists began using machine vision to generate data directly from images. These were the logic-based days of early AI, so algorithms followed a sequence of rules to identify body parts: If there's an oval here attached to a thick line, we're looking at a hip bone connected to a thigh bone. Lodwick called his technique "computer-aided diagnosis," and CAD has been an invisible tool of medicine ever since. By the 1980s and 1990s, doctors were using CAD to give them a second opinion for diagnosing everything from lumbar hernias to gastric pain.


For Artificial Intelligence, the Future Is Now

#artificialintelligence

Watershed technologies like AlphaGo make it easy to forget that artificial intelligence (AI) isn't just a futuristic dream. Sensing traffic lights, fraud detection, mobile bank deposits, and, of course, internet search -- each of these technologies involves AI of some kind. As we have grown used to AI in these instances, it has become part of the scenery -- we see it, but we no longer notice it. Expect that trend to continue: As AI grows increasingly ubiquitous, it'll become increasingly invisible. Major advancements in technologies dependent on AI -- like robotics, machine vision, natural-language processing, and machine learning -- will soon work their way into our daily lives. AI's integration into our world will transform employment, economic activity, and possibly the character of our society. Healthcare is ground zero for AI. In fact, AI has been quietly helping doctors treat diseases for almost its entire existence. In 1963, a Midwestern radiologist named Gwilym S. Lodwick published a paper in Radiology Society of America that described a technique he invented for predicting the survival span of lung cancer patients: Lodwick took X-rays and coded their features to represent tumor characteristics using numerical values. Then, as he explained, these numbers could "be manipulated and evaluated by the digital computer." Armed with (rudimentary) image processing, in the 1970s radiologists began using machine vision to generate data directly from images. These were the logic-based days of early AI, so algorithms followed a sequence of rules to identify body parts: If there's an oval here attached to a thick line, we're looking at a hip bone connected to a thigh bone. Lodwick called his technique "computer-aided diagnosis," and CAD has been an invisible tool of medicine ever since. By the 1980s and 1990s, doctors were using CAD to give them a second opinion for diagnosing everything from lumbar hernias to gastric pain.


Feature Clustering for Accelerating Parallel Coordinate Descent

Scherrer, Chad, Tewari, Ambuj, Halappanavar, Mahantesh, Haglin, David

Neural Information Processing Systems

Large scale $\ell_1$-regularized loss minimization problems arise in numerous applications such as compressed sensing and high dimensional supervised learning, including classification and regression problems. High performance algorithms and implementations are critical to efficiently solving these problems. Building upon previous work on coordinate descent algorithms for $\ell_1$ regularized problems, we introduce a novel family of algorithms called block-greedy coordinate descent that includes, as special cases, several existing algorithms such as SCD, Greedy CD, Shotgun, and Thread-greedy. We give a unified convergence analysis for the family of block-greedy algorithms. The analysis suggests that block-greedy coordinate descent can better exploit parallelism if features are clustered so that the maximum inner product between features in different blocks is small. Our theoretical convergence analysis is supported with experimental results using data from diverse real-world applications. We hope that algorithmic approaches and convergence analysis we provide will not only advance the field, but will also encourage researchers to systematically explore the design space of algorithms for solving large-scale $\ell_1$-regularization problems.